Glossary of Bio-Medical Terms

W

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Waardenburg's Syndrome

AN = a syndrome of multiple abnorm; check syndrome book for other Waardenburg skull deform syndromes; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES CATALOG: do not use /in inf

MS = Rare, autosomal dominant disease with variable penetrance and several known clinical types. Characteristics may include depigmentation of the hair and skin, congenital deafness, heterochromia iridis, medial eyebrow hyperplasia, hypertrophy of the nasal root, and especially dystopia canthorum. The underlying cause may be defective development of the neural crest (neurocristopathy). Waardenburg's syndrome may be closely related to piebaldism. Klein-Waardenburg Syndrome refers to a disorder that also includes upper limb abnormalities.

UI = D014849

 

WAGR Syndrome

AN = WAGR stands for Wilms' tumor, Aniridia, Genitourinary abnorm, mental Retardation

MS = Wilms' tumor with aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and mental retardation. It is associated with hemizygous deletions of chromosome region 11p13.

UI = D017624

 

Waikavirus

AN = a genus of plant viruses; from Japanese word waika describing features of plant dis induced by the rice tungro spherical virus; coord IM with specific plant (often RICE) /virol (IM or NIM)

MS = A genus of plant viruses in the family SEQUIVIRIDAE. Transmission is mostly by leafhoppers and depends on a self-encoded helper protein. The type species is rice tungro spherical virus.

UI = D019193

 

Waiting Lists

AN = no qualif

MS = Prospective patient listings for appointments.

UI = D014850

 

Wakefulness

MS = A state in which the individual is fully aware of his environment.

UI = D014851

 

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

AN = in titles & translations use diacrit: Waldenstrèom

MS = A plasma cell dyscrasia resembling leukemia with cells of lymphocytic, plasmacytic, or intermediate morphology, which secrete an IgM M component. There is diffuse infiltration of bone marrow and also, in many cases, of the spleen, liver, or lymph nodes. The circulating macroglobulin produces symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome: weakness, fatigue, bleeding disorders, and visual disturbances. Peak incidence is in the sixth and seventh decades. (Dorland, 28th ed)

UI = D008258

 

Wales

UI = D014852

 

Walkers

MS = Walking aids generally having two handgrips and four legs.

UI = D014853

 

Walking

AN = human & animal; /inj: coord IM with specific inj (IM); /physiol permitted; differentiate from GAIT, the way one walks

MS = An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking.

UI = D016138

 

Wallenberg's Syndrome

AN = a type of cerebral embolism

MS = Syndrome caused by occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, marked by ipsilateral loss of facial pain and temperature sensations, ipsilateral limb ataxia, and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensations in the trunk and extremities.

UI = D014854

 

Wallerian Degeneration

AN = a type of nerve degeneration

MS = Fatty degeneration of a nerve fiber which has been severed from its nutritive centers. (Dorland, 28th ed)

UI = D014855

 

Walrus

AN = IM; qualif permitted

UI = D014856

 

War

AN = war wounds: index under WOUNDS AND INJURIES or specific inj (IM) + WAR (IM or NIM); Persian Gulf War: index under WAR + MIDDLE EAST CATALOG: /geog /form

MS = Hostile conflict between organized groups of people.

UI = D014857

 

War Crimes

MS = Criminal acts committed during, or in connection with, war, e.g., maltreatment of prisoners, willful killing of civilians, etc.

UI = D014858

 

Warfarin

AN = an anticoagulant & rodenticide

MS = An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.

UI = D014859

 

Warts

AN = a non-neoplastic tumor virus infect; coord IM with precoord organ/dis term (IM)

MS = Benign epidermal proliferations or tumors; some are viral in origin.

UI = D014860

 

Washington

AN = the state; for Washington, D. C. use DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

UI = D014861

 

Wasp Venoms

AN = /antag permitted but consider also ANTIVENINS; /enzymol permitted

MS = Venoms produced by the wasp (Vespid) family of stinging insects, including hornets; the venoms contain enzymes, biogenic amines, histamine releasing factors, kinins, toxic polypeptides, etc., and are similar to bee venoms.

UI = D014862

 

Wasps

AN = /microbiol /parasitol /virol permitted; wasp stings: coord IM with INSECT BITES AND STINGS (IM)

MS = Any of numerous winged hymenopterous insects of social as well as solitary habits and having formidable stings.

UI = D014863

 

Waste Disposal, Fluid

MS = The discarding or destroying of liquid waste products or their transformation into something useful or innocuous.

UI = D014865

 

Waste Management

MS = Disposal, processing, controlling, recycling, and reusing the solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes of plants, animals, humans, and other organisms. It includes control within a closed ecological system to maintain a habitable environment.

UI = D018505

 

Waste Products

AN = MEDICAL WASTE & DENTAL WASTE are also available

MS = Debris resulting from a process that is of no further use to the system producing it. The concept includes materials discharged from or stored in a system in inert form as a by-product of vital activities. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981)

UI = D014866

 

Wasting Syndrome

AN = do not confuse with CACHEXIA: do not make diagnoses, use words of text; HIV WASTING SYNDROME is also available

MS = Any disease marked especially by progressive emaciation and weakness. (Dorland, 28th ed, p490)

UI = D019282

 

Water

AN = note category: D1 as H2O, G3 as environmental; in body or tissue = BODY WATER; /admin: consider also FLUID THERAPY or INFUSIONS, PARENTERAL or REHYDRATION SOLUTIONS; /adv eff: consider also WATER INTOXICATION; /metab must refer to metab of exogenous water: for water content of organs & tissue use BODY WATER /metab or BODY WATER /chem; /stand: consider also WATER SUPPLY; /ther use: try HYDROTHERAPY & related terms; /microbiol = WATER MICROBIOLOGY (IM) + specific microbe (IM), /parasitol permitted: coord IM with specific parasite (IM), /virol = WATER MICROBIOLOGY (IM) + specific virus (IM); atmospheric water = HUMIDITY; heavy water = DEUTERIUM OXIDE; water intake = DRINKING; hardness or softness of water: probably WATER /chem & not also HARDNESS but consider also WATER SOFTENING; water consumption = WATER or WATER SUPPLY if on a wide scale: on a personal level = DRINKING

MS = Water. A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

UI = D014867

 

Water Deprivation

AN = human & animal; /physiol permitted for physiol & metab eff

MS = The withholding of water in a structured experimental situation.

UI = D014868

 

Water Intoxication

AN = a water-electrolyte imbalance

MS = The condition induced by the undue retention of water with sodium depletion. It is marked by lethargy, nausea, vomiting, and mild mental aberrations, and in severe cases by convulsions and coma. (Dorland, 27th ed)

UI = D014869

 

Water Loss, Insensible

AN = through the skin & respir tract

MS = Loss of water by diffusion through the skin and by evaporation from the respiratory tract. It is so called because we do not know that we are actually losing water at the time that it is leaving the body. (Guyton, Textbook of Medical Physiology, 8th ed, p274)

UI = D014870

 

Water Microbiology

AN = IM; coord with specific bact, virus or fungus (IM); DF: WATER MICROBIOL

MS = The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

UI = D014871

 

Water Movements

AN = no qualif; for waves, currents, tides; floods = NATURAL DISASTERS

UI = D014872

 

Water Pollutants

AN = specify pollutant if pertinent (IM or NIM)

MS = Substances which pollute the water or bodies of water. Use for water pollutants in general or for which there is no specific heading.

UI = D014873

 

Water Pollutants, Chemical

AN = restrict to in situ water in rivers, reservoirs, streams, lakes, sea & the like; specify pollutant if pertinent (IM or NIM)

MS = Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.

UI = D014874

 

Water Pollutants, Radioactive

AN = specify radiopollutant if pertinent (IM or NIM)

MS = Pollutants, present in water or bodies of water, which exhibit radioactivity.

UI = D014875

 

Water Pollution

AN = IM; coord with source of pollution (IM); note X ref THERMAL WATER POLLUTION: coord with HEAT (IM) only if heat is particularly discussed; specify geog if pertinent CATALOG: /geog /form

UI = D014876

 

Water Pollution, Chemical

AN = IM; coord with specific source of pollution (IM); specify geog if pertinent CATALOG: /geog /form

UI = D014877

 

Water Pollution, Radioactive

AN = IM; coord with specific source of pollution (IM); specify geog if pertinent CATALOG: /geog /form

UI = D014878

 

Water Purification

MS = Any of several processes in which undesirable impurities in water are removed or neutralized; for example, chlorination, filtration, primary treatment, ion exchange, and distillation. It includes treatment of waste water to provide potable and hygiene water in a controlled or closed environment as well as provision of public drinking water supplies. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

UI = D018508

 

Water Softening

UI = D014880

 

Water Supply

AN = do not use WATER SUPPLY with regard to FLUORIDATION: assume to be of the water supply CATALOG: /geog /form

MS = Source, means, or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed)

UI = D014881

 

Water-Electrolyte Balance

MS = The state of the body in relation to the intake and excretion of water and electrolytes, particularly sodium and potassium. It exists in a metabolic balance internally with BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS, total BODY WATER, BLOOD VOLUME, EXTRACELLULAR SPACE, etc., externally through sensible and insensible SWEATING. The hypothalamus controls water balance. (Dorland, 27th ed; Mountcastle, Medical Physiology, 14th ed, 1980, p1152)

UI = D014882

 

Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

AN = note category

MS = Disturbances in the body's water-electrolyte metabolism.

UI = D014883

 

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

AN = meningococcal meningitis with adrenal hemorrhage

MS = Rapidly fulminating cerebrospinal meningococcal meningitis, characterized by sudden onset, fever, purpura, adrenal hemorrhage, shock, and death. It is seen also with other infections. In a large majority of cases the etiology is meningococcemia. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Magalini, Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 3d ed)

UI = D014884

 

Waxes

AN = D25-26 qualif

MS = A plastic substance deposited by insects or obtained from plants. Waxes are esters of various fatty acids with higher, usually monohydric alcohols. The wax of pharmacy is principally yellow wax (beeswax), the material of which honeycomb is made. It consists chiefly of cerotic acid and myricin and is used in making ointments, cerates, etc. (Dorland, 27th ed)

UI = D014885

 

Weaning

AN = human & animal; no qualif; NIM when merely an aspect of growth (as "in newborn, suckling & weaned")

MS = Permanent deprivation of breast milk and commencement of nourishment with other food. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

UI = D014886

 

Weather

AN = no qualif; do not confuse X ref FOG with SMOG, a mixture of smoke & fog

UI = D014887

 

Wechsler Scales

MS = Tests designed to measure intellectual functioning in children and adults.

UI = D014888

 

Wegener's Granulomatosis

AN = necrotizing granulomas of resp tract & multisystem dis

MS = A multisystem disease chiefly affecting males, characterized by necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis involving the upper and lower respiratory tracts, glomerulonephritis, and variable degrees of systemic, small vessel vasculitis, which is generally considered to represent an aberrant hypersensitivity reaction to an unknown antigen. (Dorland, 27th ed)

UI = D014890

 

Weibel-Palade Bodies

MS = Rod-shaped intracytoplasmic bundles of microtubules, believed derived from the Golgi complex. They are specific for vascular endothelial cells, serve as the storage organelles for von Willebrand factor, and are used as markers for benign or malignant endothelial cell neoplasms in electron microscopy. (Dorland, 28th ed)

UI = D020302

 

Weight-Bearing

AN = by machines & humans or animals; for weight-bearing bones or joints, coord NIM with specific bone or joint with /physiol (IM)

MS = The physical state of supporting an applied load. This often refers to the weight-bearing bones or joints that support the body's weight, especially those in the spine, hip, knee, and foot.

UI = D016474

 

Weight Gain

MS = Increase in body weight over existing weight.

UI = D015430

 

Weight Lifting

AN = /inj: coord IM with specific inj (IM); /physiol permitted; Manual 30.15+; includes body building if restricted to weight lifting, otherwise index under EXERCISE

MS = A sport in which weights are lifted competitively or as an exercise.

UI = D014891

 

Weight Loss

MS = Decrease in existing body weight.

UI = D015431

 

Weight Perception

MS = Recognition and discrimination of the heaviness of a lifted object.

UI = D014892

 

Weightlessness

AN = natural only: WEIGHTLESSNESS SIMULATION is also available; /adv eff permitted

MS = Condition in which no acceleration, whether due to gravity or any other force, can be detected by an observer within a system. It also means the absence of weight or the absence of the force of gravity acting on a body. Microgravity, gravitational force between 0 and 10 -6 g, is included here. (From NASA Thesaurus, 1988)

UI = D014893

 

Weightlessness Countermeasures

AN = in actual or simulated space flight; no qualif

MS = Techniques and routines designed to prevent or reverse unwanted effects of weightlessness experienced during actual and simulated space flight, including physiologic changes related to removal of gravitational loading. Specific measures include creation of artificial gravity, exercise, low-level lower body negative pressure, and use of anti-deconditioning devices. (From Nicogossian, Space Physiology and Medicine, 2d ed, pp294-297)

UI = D018544

 

Weightlessness Simulation

MS = Condition under normal Earth gravity where the force of gravity itself is not actually altered but its influence or effect may be modified and studied. (From ASGSB Bull 1992;5(2):27)

UI = D018474

 

Weights and Measures

AN = METRIC SYSTEM is available; TN 192: not for "weight" of anything; DF: WEIGHTS

MS = A unit or standard of measurement. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

UI = D014894

 

Weil's Disease

AN = a form of leptospirosis

MS = A severe form of LEPTOSPIROSIS caused by Leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemorrhagica and transmitted to man by the rat.

UI = D014895

 

Welding

UI = D014896

 

Werdnig-Hoffmann Disease

AN = infantile or childhood only: for other, MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL is available CATALOG: do not use /in inf

MS = A recessively inherited acute infantile form of motor neuropathy with proximal muscle wasting particularly of the upper extremities. The chronic childhood form may be an arrested Werdnig-Hoffmann disorder.

UI = D014897

 

Werner Syndrome

AN = premature aging in adults; do not confuse with Werner's syndrome, also called "mesomelic dysplasia" (tibial hemimelia, polydactyly of feet, triphalangeal thumbs): index under BONE AND BONES /abnorm (IM) + ABNORMALITIES, MULTIPLE (IM)

MS = A cause of premature aging in adults. It is an autosomal recessive trait characterized principally by sclerodermal skin changes (especially of the extremities), cataracts, subcutaneous calcification, muscular atrophy, a tendency to diabetes mellitus, aged appearance of the face, baldness, and a high incidence of neoplastic disease. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

UI = D014898

 

Wernicke's Encephalopathy

AN = a manifest of thiamine defic

MS = A neurological disorder characterized by confusion, apathy, drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, and ophthalmoplegia. It often results from chronic alcohol abuse and is almost always accompanied or followed by KORSAKOFF'S SYNDROME.

UI = D014899

 

West Indies

AN = the indentions can be grouped as the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles & the Bahamas: see MeSH definition

MS = Islands lying between southeastern North America and northern South America, enclosing the Caribbean Sea. They comprise the Greater Antilles (CUBA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, HAITI, JAMAICA, and PUERTO RICO), the Lesser Antilles (ANTIGUA and the other Leeward Islands, BARBADOS, MARTINIQUE and the other Windward Islands, NETHERLANDS ANTILLES, VIRGIN ISLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES, and the islands north of Venezuela which include TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO), and the BAHAMAS. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p1330)

UI = D014900

 

West Nile Fever

AN = caused by a flavivirus

MS = A mild, febrile, sporadic disease produced by infection with West Nile Virus, a FLAVIVIRUS. It is characterized by drowsiness, headache, rash, abdominal pain, nausea and lymphadenopathy, and sometimes leads to encephalitis.

UI = D014901

 

West Nile Virus

AN = a species of Flavivirus; infection = WEST NILE FEVER

MS = A species of Flavivirus, one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE), which produces encephalitis experimentally when inoculated into some rodents, chicks, birds, or monkeys. In humans, it is seen most frequently in Africa, Asia, and Europe presenting as a silent infection or undifferentiated fever (WEST NILE FEVER). It is transmitted by Culex spp mosquitoes.

UI = D014902

 

West Virginia

UI = D014903

 

Western Australia

AN = a state of Australia

MS = A state in western Australia. Its capital is Perth. It was first visited by the Dutch in 1616 but the English took possession in 1791 and permanent colonization began in 1829. It was a penal settlement 1850-1888, became part of the colonial government in 1886, and was granted self government in 1890. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p1329)

UI = D014904

Wetting Agents

AN = D25-26 qualif; also called "hydrating agents" but do not confuse these with intravenous solutions for rehydrating dehydrated subjects

MS = A surfactant that renders a surface wettable by water or enhances the spreading of water over the surface; used in foods and cosmetics; important in contrast media; also with contact lenses, dentures, and some prostheses. Synonyms: humectants; hydrating agents.

UI = D014906

 

Western World

AN = note category; refers usually to Europe & the Americas; IM; specify Category Z continent or country if relevant

MS = A historical and cultural entity dispersed across the wide geographical area of Europe, as opposed to the East, Asia, and Africa. The term was used by scholars through the late medieval period. Thereafter, with the impact of colonialism and the transmission of cultures, Western World was sometimes expanded to include the Americas. (Dr. James H. Cassedy, NLM History of Medicine Division)

UI = D019366

 

Wettability

AN = almost never IM

MS = The quality or state of being wettable or the degree to which something can be wet. This is also the ability of any solid surface to be wetted when in contact with a liquid whose surface tension is reduced so that the liquid spreads over the surface of the solid.

UI = D017155

 

Whales

AN = mammals; IM; qualif permitted; some dolphins are misnamed "whales": note FALSE KILLER WHALES see DOLPHINS, KILLER WHALES see DOLPHINS, MELON-HEADED WHALES see DOLPHINS, PIGMY WHALES see DOLPHINS, PILOT WHALES see DOLPHINS

MS = Large marine mammals of the order Cetacea. In the past, they were commercially valued for whale oil, for their flesh as human food and in animal feed and fertilizer, and for baleen. The sperm whale produces AMBERGRIS, an intestinal secretion used in perfumery. (From Webster, 3d ed)

UI = D014907

 

Wheat

AN = as plant & food; selected qualif from Cat B6 & Cat J2; wheat germ: index under WHEAT, not WHEAT /embryol; do not confuse WHEAT with BUCKWHEAT nor X ref TRITICUM with the rye-wheat hybrid TRITICALE see CEREALS

MS = The most nutritious of the cereal grasses, Triticum vulgare, grown mostly in the temperate climates. It also includes other triticum species. Several lectins, starch, and medium quality proteins are obtained from the seeds. Triticale is a hybrid between wheat and rye.

UI = D014908

 

Wheat Germ Agglutinins

AN = lectins

MS = Lectins purified from the germinating seeds of common wheat (Triticum vulgare); these bind to certain carbohydrate moieties on cell surface glycoproteins and are used to identify certain cell populations and inhibit or promote some immunological or physiological activities. There are at least two isoforms of this lectin.

UI = D014909

 

 

Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate

AN = used as a molec probe; DF: note short X ref

MS = The lectin wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to the enzyme HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE. It is widely used for tracing neural pathways.

UI = D018998

 

Wheelchairs

MS = Chairs mounted on wheels and designed to be propelled by the occupant.

UI = D014910

 

Whiplash Injuries

MS = Hyperextension injury to the neck, often the result of being struck from behind by a fast-moving vehicle, in an automobile accident. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

UI = D014911

 

Whipple's Disease

AN = a malabsorption syndrome

MS = A disease marked by diarrhea with fatty stools, arthritis, emaciation, and loss of strength, and attended with deposits of fat in the intestinal lymphatic tissue. Rod-shaped bacteria-like forms are present, presumed to be infectious, although no organism has been consistently isolated from patient specimens. (Dorland, 27th ed; from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992).

UI = D008061

 

White Muscle Disease

AN = a form of musc dystrophy usually in calves & lambs; manifest of selenium defic; check tag ANIMAL; coord IM with precoord animal/dis term (IM) + animal (NIM) or with animal (IM) in absence of precoord

MS = A myodegeneration most frequent in calves and lambs whose dams have been fed during gestation or longer on feeds, especially legumes, grown in certain areas where selenium is either deficient or unavailable in the soil. It has been recorded in many countries. It has been produced experimentally in several species of animals on low-selenium intake. A similar myopathy occurs naturally in goats, deer, foals, and dogs but proof of the etiology is lacking. (Merck Veterinary Manual, 5th ed)

UI = D014912

 

Whites

AN = see note under CAUCASOID RACE; do not index WHITES routinely: only when pertinent as cultural, social, sociol, polit, psychol entity; /genetics = CAUCASOID RACE /genet; Manual 30.8-30.10: policy on ethnic groups; differentiate from CAUCASOID RACE, genetic & physiol entity; specify geog CATALOG: /geog /form

MS = An ethnic group of the Caucasoid Race.

UI = D014913

 

Whole Blood Coagulation Time

AN = NIM; DF: WHOLE BLOOD COAG TIME

MS = Measurement of the time required by whole blood to produce a visible clot. Factors that could influence the test are all but III, VII, and XIII. Activation may be by contact with the glass tube or exposure to diatomaceous earth. Delay of onset of coagulation may be achieved by use of nonwettable plastic or silicone-coated glass tubes. It is used for monitoring heparin therapy and as a bedside screening test for deficiencies in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. "Activated coagulation time" is sometimes referred to as ACT.

UI = D014914

 

Whole-Body Counting

MS = Measurement of radioactivity in the entire human body.

UI = D014915

 

Whole-Body Irradiation

AN = in rad experiments IM when point of article is irrad of entire animal & coord with organ or process /rad eff (IM or NIM); no qualif when NIM; in radiother coord IM with disease /radiother (IM); TN 198: when not to use; DF: WHOLE BODY IRRAD

MS = Irradiation of the whole body with ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. It is applicable to humans or animals but not to microorganisms.

UI = D014916

 

Whooping Cough

AN = caused by Bordetella pertussis

MS = A respiratory infection caused by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS and characterized by paroxysmal coughing ending in a prolonged crowing intake of breath.

UI = D014917

 

Widowhood

AN = woman or man: note X refs; spousal bereavement: coord IM with BEREAVEMENT (IM); coping behavior, coping strategy, coping style: coord IM with ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL

MS = The state of having lost a marital partner by death.

UI = D017805

 

Williams Syndrome

AN = a supravalv aortic stenosis: do not confuse with Williams-Campbell syndrome, congen bronchomalacia causing bronchiectasis

MS = Supravalvular aortic stenosis, mental retardation, elfin facies, and transient hypercalcemia in infancy. It affects both sexes, with onset at birth or early infancy. Its etiology is unknown. The primary disturbance begins in utero. There is a familial tendency but no genetic basis is apparent. It is possibly an abnormality of vitamin D metabolism. Its prognosis depends upon the degree of malformation and surgical correction. (Dorland, 28th ed; Magalini et al., Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 3d ed, p936)

UI = D018980

 

Wills

MS = A legal declaration of a person's mind as to the manner in which he would have his property or estate disposed of after his death. (Webster 3d ed.) The application of the concept of a will in bioethics regarding the termination of his life is the heading LIVING WILLS.

UI = D014918

 

Wind

AN = no qualif; for cyclones, typhoons & hurricanes consider NATURAL DISASTERS

UI = D014919

 

Wine

MS = Fermented juice of fresh grapes or of other fruit or plant products used as a beverage.

UI = D014920

 

Wing

AN = for bird, insect or bat

UI = D014921

 

Wisconsin

UI = D014922

 

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

MS = A rare, X-linked immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by eczema, thrombocytopenic purpura, and recurrent pyogenic infection. It is seen exclusively in young boys. Typically, IgM levels are low and IgA and IgE levels are elevated. Lymphoreticular malignancies are common.

UI = D014923

 

Wissler's Syndrome

AN = a form of rheumatic fever

MS = A rheumatic syndrome of possibly allergic origin, usually affecting children and adolescents, and characterized by high fever, exanthema, arthralgia, leukocytosis, and increased sedimentation rate.

UI = D014924

 

Wit and Humor

AN = IM CATALOG: form qualif /humor is available

MS = The faculty of expressing the amusing, clever, or comical or the keen perception and cleverly apt expression of connections between ideas that awaken amusement and pleasure. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

UI = D014925

 

Witchcraft

AN = IM; MAGIC is also available

MS = An act of employing sorcery (the use of power gained from the assistance or control of spirits), especially with malevolent intent, and the exercise of supernatural powers and alleged intercourse with the devil or a familiar. (From Webster, 3d ed)

UI = D018599

 

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

AN = short PR interval & long QRS interval with delta wave; see PRE-EXCITATION SYNDROMES for other ECG notes

MS = A form of pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave.

UI = D014927

 

Wolffian Duct

MS = An excretory duct of the embryonic kidney.

UI = D014928

 

Wolfram Syndrome

AN = X ref = Diabetes Insipidus-Diabetes Mellitus-Optic Atrophy-Deafness CATALOG: do not use /in inf

MS = Hereditary association of diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, optic atrophy, and neural deafness.

UI = D014929

 

Wolinella

AN = isolated from gingiva, root canal & bovine rumen; infection: coord IM with BACTEROIDACEAE INFECTIONS (IM)

MS = A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the bovine rumen, the human gingival sulcus, and dental root canal infections.

UI = D016968

 

Wolman Disease

AN = a lysosomal storage dis; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES CATALOG: do not use /in inf

MS = The severe infantile form of inherited lysosomal lipid storage diseases, due to deficiency of acid lipase. It results in accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly cholesterol esters, within cells (particularly leukocytes, fibroblasts, and liver cells). An allelic variant of CHOLESTEROL ESTER STORAGE DISEASE, it is also known as Wolman's xanthomatosis.

UI = D015223

 

Wolves

AN = IM; qualif permitted

MS = Any of several large carnivorous mammals of the family Canidae usually hunting in packs, formerly common throughout the Northern Hemisphere but now chiefly restricted to the more unpopulated parts of its range. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

UI = D019596

 

Women

AN = for women only as a cultural, social, sociol, polit, economic force; do not confuse with FEMALE for disease, organs, physiol, genetics, etc.; check tags HUMAN & FEMALE; Manual 18.9.6, 34.12

MS = Human adult females as cultural, psychological, sociological, political, and economic entities.

UI = D014930

 

Women, Working

MS = Women who are engaged in gainful activities usually outside the home.

UI = D014931

 

Women's Health

AN = no qualif; specify geog if pertinent CATALOG: /geog /form

MS = The concept covering the physical and mental conditions of women.

UI = D016387

 

Women's Health Services

AN = does not include maternal care services: index under MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES; check also tags HUMAN and FEMALE; DF: WOMENS HEALTH SERV

MS = Organized services to provide health care to women. It excludes maternal care services for which MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES is available.

UI = D014932

 

Women's Rights

AN = specify geog CATALOG: /geog /form

MS = The rights of women to equal status pertaining to social, economic, and educational opportunities afforded by society.

UI = D014933

 

Wood

AN = no qualif

UI = D014934

 

Wool

AN = as animal hair & as textile; use qualif cautiously

UI = D014935

 

Word Association Tests

AN = DF: WORD ASSOC TESTS

MS = Lists of words to which individuals are asked to respond ascertaining the conceptual meaning held by the individual.

UI = D014936

 

Word Processing

MS = Automated production of typewritten documents with text editing and storage functions using computer software.

UI = D015443

 

Work

AN = purposeful activity: differentiate from EXERTION (physiol effort), EMPLOYMENT (for pay), ENERGY EXPENDITURE (metab); /physiol permitted; BURNOUT, PROFESSIONAL is available

MS = Productive or purposeful activities.

UI = D014937

 

Work Capacity Evaluation

AN = no qualif; DF: WORK CAPAC EVALUATION

MS = Assessment of physiological capacities in relation to job requirements. It is usually done by measuring certain physiological (e.g., circulatory and respiratory) variables during a gradually increasing workload until specific limitations occur with respect to those variables.

UI = D014938

 

Work of Breathing

AN = a resp funct test

MS = Respiratory muscle contraction during inspiration. The work is accomplished in three phases: that required to expand the lungs against its elastic forces (LUNG COMPLIANCE work), that required to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures (tissue resistance work), and that required to overcome airway resistance during the movement of air into the lungs (AIRWAY RESISTANCE work). Work of breaking does not refer to expiration, which is entirely a passive process caused by elastic recoil of the lung and chest cage. (Guyton, Textbook of Medical Physiology, 8th ed, p406)

UI = D014939

 

Work Schedule Tolerance

AN = /physiol /psychol permitted

MS = Physiological or psychological effects of periods of work which may be fixed or flexible such as flexitime, work shifts, and rotating shifts.

UI = D014940

 

Work Simplification

AN = no qualif

MS = The construction or arrangement of a task so that it may be done with the greatest possible efficiency.

UI = D014941

 

Workers' Compensation

AN = specify country or state CATALOG: /geog /form

MS = Insurance coverage providing compensation and medical benefits to individuals because of work-connected injuries or disease.

UI = D014942

 

Workload

MS = The total amount of work to be performed by an individual, a department, or other group of workers in a period of time.

UI = D016526

 

Workplace

AN = NIM; coord with specific industry or occupation (IM) or specific milieu (as clinic, laboratory, hosp, school, etc.) (IM)

MS = Place or physical location of work or employment.

UI = D017132

 

World Health

AN = no qualif

MS = The concept pertaining to the health status of inhabitants of the world.

UI = D014943

 

World Health Organization

AN = DF: WHO CATALOG: use NAF entry

MS = A specialized agency of the United Nations designed as a coordinating authority on international health work; its aim is to promote the attainment of the highest possible level of health by all peoples.

UI = D014944

 

Wound Healing

AN = also available is FRACTURE HEALING

MS = Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue.

UI = D014945

 

Wound Infection

AN = IM; do not coord with BACTERIAL INFECTIONS unless particularly discussed but coord IM with specific bact infect (IM)

MS = Invasion of the site of trauma by pathogenic microorganisms.

UI = D014946

 

Wounds and Injuries

AN = GEN or unspecified; prefer /inj with organs (Manual 19.7+, 19.8.38) or specific organ /inj precoords; policy: Manual 23.23+; types of wounds are also available, as WOUNDS, PENETRATING, etc.; MULTIPLE TRAUMA is available; wound suction: coord wd & inj concept with DRAINAGE; DF: WOUNDS CATALOG: form qualif permitted

MS = Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.

UI = D014947

 

Wounds, Gunshot

AN = IM; coord with organ /inj or precoord inj term (IM); ballistics in gunshot wds goes here & under FORENSIC MEDICINE if pertinent

MS = Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a result of the discharge of firearms.

UI = D014948

 

Wounds, Nonpenetrating

AN = IM; coord with organ /inj or precoord inj term (IM)

MS = Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where there is no penetration of the skin.

UI = D014949

 

Wounds, Penetrating

AN = note WOUNDS, GUNSHOT & WOUNDS, STAB; IM; coord with organ /inj or precoord inj term (IM)

MS = Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.

UI = D014950

 

Wounds, Stab

AN = IM; coord with organ /inj or precoord inj term (IM)

MS = Penetrating wounds caused by a pointed object.

UI = D014951

 

Wrestling

AN = /inj: coord IM with specific inj (IM); /physiol permitted

MS = A sport consisting of hand-to-hand combat between two unarmed contestants seeking to pin or press each other's shoulders to the ground.

UI = D014952

 

Wrist

AN = primates only; wrist ganglion is indexed under WRIST (IM) + SYNOVIAL CYST (IM); TN 238: differentiation from WRIST JOINT & indexing instructions; use CARPUS, ANIMAL for non-primate vertebrates: TN 117: other animal joints; wrist bone = CARPAL BONES

UI = D014953

 

Wrist Injuries

AN = consider also CARPAL BONES /inj

MS = Injuries to the wrist or the wrist joint.

UI = D014954

 

Wrist Joint

AN = primates only; wrist ganglion is indexed under WRIST (IM) + SYNOVIAL CYST (IM); TN 238: differentiation from WRIST & indexing instructions; use CARPUS, ANIMAL for non-primate vertebrates; TN 117: other animal joints

UI = D014955

 

Writing

AN = the act or profession of writing or its product, i.e., being a writer or creating text for books, articles, speeches, etc.: do not confuse with PUBLISHING (the industry & dissemination of knowledge & research) or LITERATURE (literary production) or AUTHORSHIP (identity as author) or JOURNALISM (writing for publication in the media); "medical writing" can go here but consider JOURNALISM; style of writing goes here; editing for publication goes under PUBLISHING; writing for periodicals goes under PERIODICALS; HANDWRITING is also available; includes typewriting; letters & correspondence of biographees & famous persons are indexed as CORRESPONDENCE (IM) + required biog terms & hist tags

MS = The act or practice of literary composition, the occupation of writer, or producing or engaging in literary work as a profession.

UI = D014956

 

 

Wrongful Life

AN = legal action alleging "that a defendant has wrongfully caused a child to be born"

MS = In civil law a cause of action which alleges that a defendant has wrongfully caused a child to be born.

UI = D015974

 

 

Wuchereria

AN = infection: coord IM with FILARIASIS (IM); coord with specific helminth term (ANTIGENS, HELMINTH, etc) if pertinent; /drug eff: consider FILARICIDES

MS = A genus of filarial nematodes.

UI = D014957

 

Wuchereria bancrofti

AN = infection: coord IM with probably ELEPHANTIASIS, FILARIAL (IM) but if elephantiasis is not present, coord with FILARIASIS (IM) instead; coord with specific helminth term (ANTIGENS, HELMINTH, etc) if pertinent; /drug eff: consider FILARICIDES

MS = A white threadlike worm which causes elephantiasis, lymphangitis, and chyluria by interfering with the lymphatic circulation. The microfilaria are found in the circulating blood and are carried by mosquitoes.

UI = D014958

 

Wyoming

UI = D014959